Relativistic coupled-cluster calculations predict g-factors for 11 states of 113Cd+, and show the second-order Zeeman shift of its microwave clock transition will not limit accuracy at 10^-16.
Direct temperature determination of a sympathetically cooled large 113Cd+ ion crystal for a microwave clock
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abstract
This paper reports the direct temperature determination of sympathetically cooled 113Cd+ ions with laser-cooled 24Mg+ in a linear Paul trap. The sympathetically cooled ion species distribute in the outer shell of the large ensembles, which contain up to 3.3E5 ions. With optimized parameters, the minimum temperature of the sympathetically cooled 113Cd+ ions was measured to be tens of mK. These results indicate promising performance for microwave atomic clocks. The second order Doppler frequency shift is two orders of magnitudes lower and the Dick effect is suppressed.
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Roles of electron correlation effects for accurate determination of $g_j$ factors of low-lying states of $^{113}$Cd$^+$ and their applications to atomic clock
Relativistic coupled-cluster calculations predict g-factors for 11 states of 113Cd+, and show the second-order Zeeman shift of its microwave clock transition will not limit accuracy at 10^-16.