Large-scale empirical test on 24,641 Starlink TLE pairs shows SGP4 matches or beats high-fidelity propagation for position accuracy out to 7 days, with median errors reaching tens of kilometers.
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How long can you trust a Starlink TLE? An empirical comparison of SGP4 and high-fidelity propagation against operator-updated truth across a megaconstellation
Large-scale empirical test on 24,641 Starlink TLE pairs shows SGP4 matches or beats high-fidelity propagation for position accuracy out to 7 days, with median errors reaching tens of kilometers.