For extremal charged black holes in any dimension and with any cosmological constant, a fine-tuned near-horizon particle collision can eject a particle carrying arbitrarily large, though finite, energy.
High energy head-on particle collisions near event horizons: classifcation of scenarios
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abstract
We consider head-on collisions of two particles near the event horizon. Particle 1 is outgoing, particle 2 is ingoing. We elucidate, in which case the energy $E_{c.m.}$ in the center of mass frame can grow unbounded. If the proper time between the horizon and an arbitrary point outside it for particle 1 is finite, we deal with a white hole. If it is infinite, we deal with a black hole. Particles can be either free or experience the action of a finite force. Our results are complementary to those for the standard BSW effect when particles move in the same direction. The results rely on classification of particles developed in our previous work H.V. Ovcharenko, O.B. Zaslavskii, Phys. Rev. D 108, 064029 (2023).
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Penrose and super-Penrose energy extraction from a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole spacetime with a cosmological constant through the BSW mechanism: Full story
For extremal charged black holes in any dimension and with any cosmological constant, a fine-tuned near-horizon particle collision can eject a particle carrying arbitrarily large, though finite, energy.