The parity doublet model combined with the new NICER radius measurement restricts the chiral invariant nucleon mass m0 to 800-860 MeV, implying it is at least 85% of the nucleon mass.
Baryons in the plasma: in-medium effects and parity doubling
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abstract
We investigate the fate of baryons made out of u, d and s quarks in the hadronic gas and the quark-gluon plasma, using nonperturbative lattice simulations, employing the FASTSUM anisotropic Nf=2+1 ensembles. In the confined phase a strong temperature dependence is seen in the masses of the negative-parity groundstates, while the positive-parity groundstate masses are approximately temperature independent, within the error. At high temperature parity doubling emerges. A noticeable effect of the heavier s quark is seen. We give a simple description of the medium-dependent masses for the negative-parity states and speculate on the relevance for heavy-ion phenomenology via the hadron resonance gas.
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Origin of nucleon mass in the light of PSR J0614-3329 with quark-hadron crossover
The parity doublet model combined with the new NICER radius measurement restricts the chiral invariant nucleon mass m0 to 800-860 MeV, implying it is at least 85% of the nucleon mass.