Galaxy cluster observations yield two preferred directions with cosmic anisotropy amplitude of about 5.3 times 10 to the minus 4 at roughly 1 sigma overall significance, though higher in the XMM-Newton subsample.
Searching for a possible dipole anisotropy on acceleration scale with 147 rotationally supported galaxies
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abstract
We report a possible dipole anisotropy on acceleration scale $g_{\dag}$ with 147 rotationally supported galaxies in local Universe. It is found that a monopole and dipole correction for the radial acceleration relation can better describe the SPARC data set. The monopole term is negligible but the dipole magnitude is significant. It is also found that the dipole correction is mostly induced by the anisotropy on the acceleration scale. The magnitude of $\hat{g}_{\dag}$-dipole reaches up to $0.25\pm0.04$, and its direction is aligned to $(l,b) = (171.30^{\circ}\pm7.18^{\circ}, -15.41^{\circ}\pm4.87^{\circ})$, which is very close to the maximum anisotropy direction from the hemisphere comparison method. Furthermore, robust check shows that the dipole anisotropy couldn't be reproduced by isotropic mock data set. However, it is still premature to claim that the Universe is anisotropic due to the small data samples and uncertainty in the current observations.
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New constraints on cosmic anisotropy from galaxy clusters using an improved dipole fitting method
Galaxy cluster observations yield two preferred directions with cosmic anisotropy amplitude of about 5.3 times 10 to the minus 4 at roughly 1 sigma overall significance, though higher in the XMM-Newton subsample.