Exact global baryon number conservation alone cannot reproduce STAR BES-II and HADES proton factorial cumulants; adding repulsive proton pairs at high energies and attractive triplets at low energies does, but with parameters fitted to the same data.
Volume fluctuation and multiplicity correlation on higher-order cumulants
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Initial volume fluctuation (VF) arising from the participant fluctuation would be the background which should be subtracted experimentally from the measured higher-order cumulants. We study the validity of the Volume Fluctuation Correction (VFC) on higher-order net-proton cumulants by using simple toy model and UrQMD model in Au+Au collisions at \sqrt s_{NN} = 200 GeV for various centrality definitions. The results are compared to the conventional data driven method called Centrality Bin Width Correction (CBWC). We find VFC works well in toy model assuming independent particle production (IPP), but does not seem to work well in UrQMD model. It is also found that cumulants are strongly affected by the multiplicity correlation effect as well as the centrality resolution effect. These results show that neither VFC nor CBWC are perfect method. Thus, both methods should be compared in the real experiment.
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Baselines for Abelian Charge Fluctuations in Nuclear Collisions:Theory and Comparison with Experimental Data
Exact global baryon number conservation alone cannot reproduce STAR BES-II and HADES proton factorial cumulants; adding repulsive proton pairs at high energies and attractive triplets at low energies does, but with parameters fitted to the same data.