A locality-based commutant argument shows that finite-N holographic CFTs lack the protected logical sector required for holographic quantum error correction, leaving only region-by-region entanglement wedge reconstruction.
Holography at Finite N: Breakdown of Bulk Reconstruction for Subregions
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abstract
Within AdS/CFT, focusing on the AdS-Rindler wedge, we show that when $N$ is large but finite, correlation functions of reconstructed bulk operators grow exponentially with bulk momentum, overwhelming the usual $1/N$ suppression. The growth starts when the smeared operator's ultraviolet scale goes beyond a critical value $\Lambda_{crit} = \frac{2}{\pi}\ln N$, which is far below the Planck scale. Above this logarithmic threshold, the large $N$ expansion ceases to be reliable, and the would-be bulk operators cannot be consistently defined as observables in the full quantum gravity theory. Since the AdS-Rindler wedge describes the near-horizon region of black holes, this result implies a sharp $\ln N$ cutoff for reconstructing bulk operators across horizons. This has a direct impact on whether and how information from the black hole interior is encoded-a central question in the black hole information paradox.
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hep-th 3years
2026 3roles
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Lattice regularization of Rindler QFT shows the Unruh effect survives operationally for distant observables even though exact thermality is lost at the state level, with wave packets reflected at a stretched horizon of order the cutoff.
Reinterprets the brick-wall model as an effective description of finite-N departures from the semiclassical near-horizon continuum in AdS/CFT, producing residual reflections and model-dependent echoes.
citing papers explorer
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Entanglement Wedge Reconstruction without Holographic Quantum Error Correction
A locality-based commutant argument shows that finite-N holographic CFTs lack the protected logical sector required for holographic quantum error correction, leaving only region-by-region entanglement wedge reconstruction.
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Rindler Physics with a UV Cutoff on the Lattice
Lattice regularization of Rindler QFT shows the Unruh effect survives operationally for distant observables even though exact thermality is lost at the state level, with wave packets reflected at a stretched horizon of order the cutoff.
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Finite N Black Holes through the Brick Wall
Reinterprets the brick-wall model as an effective description of finite-N departures from the semiclassical near-horizon continuum in AdS/CFT, producing residual reflections and model-dependent echoes.