Entropy dilution from early matter domination reduces the couplings needed for multipolar dark matter to match the observed relic density, reopening regions excluded under radiation domination.
X n δχ(δχ + 2)λnx−n−2 f g1/2 eff # Yχ,eq(xf). (A12) Substituting for the equilibrium abundanceY χ,eq from Eq. (12) and using 1− 3 2xf ≈1, we obtain xf = ln b
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Multipolar Dark Matter Freeze-out in an Early Matter-Dominated Universe
Entropy dilution from early matter domination reduces the couplings needed for multipolar dark matter to match the observed relic density, reopening regions excluded under radiation domination.