Molmo VLMs trained on newly collected PixMo open datasets achieve state-of-the-art performance among open-weight models and surpass multiple proprietary VLMs including Claude 3.5 Sonnet and Gemini 1.5 Pro.
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ALLaVA: Harnessing GPT4V-Synthesized Data for Lite Vision-Language Models
Tool reference. 73% of classified Pith citations use this work as a method, library, or software dependency, not as a substantive claim.
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representative citing papers
A survey that defines Compound AI Systems, proposes a multi-dimensional taxonomy based on component roles and orchestration strategies, reviews four foundational paradigms, and identifies key challenges for future research.
FLARE is a vision-language model family using text-guided vision encoding, context-aware alignment decoding, dual-semantic mapping loss, and text-driven VQA synthesis to achieve deep cross-modal integration, outperforming larger models with only 630 vision tokens at 3B scale.
VisRAG achieves 20-40% better end-to-end performance than text-based RAG by directly embedding and retrieving document images with VLMs.
Cambrian-1 is a vision-centric multimodal LLM family that evaluates over 20 vision encoders, introduces CV-Bench and the Spatial Vision Aggregator, and releases open models, code, and data achieving strong performance on visual grounding tasks.
Diagnoses mask prior drift and positional attention collapse in LDVLMs and introduces two plug-and-play decoding interventions that raise long-form generation quality without retraining.
A cascaded knowledge distillation method with intermediate teachers improves efficiency of vision-language models like LLaVA while achieving state-of-the-art results on seven VQA benchmarks.
VideoChat-Flash applies hierarchical video token compression to achieve ~50x reduction in context length for long videos while maintaining near-original performance on long-context benchmarks.
VPiT enables pretrained LLMs to perform both visual understanding and generation by predicting discrete text tokens and continuous visual tokens, with understanding data proving more effective than generation-specific data.
InternVL 2.5 is the first open-source MLLM to surpass 70% on the MMMU benchmark via model, data, and test-time scaling, with a 3.7-point gain from chain-of-thought reasoning.
A Nash equilibrium framework for training-free multimodal step verification that uses cross-modal agreement and disagreement signals for filtering and ranking reasoning steps.
Qwen2.5-VL reports a vision-language model family using native dynamic-resolution ViT and absolute time encoding that matches GPT-4o on document and diagram tasks while supporting hour-long videos with second-level localization.
InternVideo2.5 improves video MLLMs by incorporating dense vision task annotations via direct preference optimization and compact spatiotemporal representations via adaptive hierarchical token compression, yielding better benchmark performance, 6x longer video memory, and new capabilities likeobject
DeepSeek-VL2 is a series of MoE vision-language models using dynamic tiling and latent attention that reach competitive or state-of-the-art results on VQA, OCR, document understanding and grounding with 1.0B to 4.5B activated parameters.
NVILA improves on VILA with a scale-then-compress visual token strategy and full-lifecycle efficiency optimizations, matching or exceeding leading VLMs on image and video benchmarks while reducing training cost 1.9-5.1x and latencies 1.2-2.8x.
mPLUG-Owl3 introduces hyper attention blocks to integrate vision and language for long image-sequence understanding and reports SOTA results on single-image, multi-image, and video benchmarks.
LLaVA-OneVision is the first single open LMM to simultaneously achieve strong performance in single-image, multi-image, and video scenarios with cross-scenario transfer capabilities.
MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 delivers GPT-4V-level multimodal performance on phones through architecture, pretraining, and alignment optimizations.
InternLM-XComposer-2.5 is a 7B vision-language model supporting up to 96K context that reaches GPT-4V-level performance on image, video, and multi-turn tasks and adds LoRA-driven text-image composition capabilities.
Mini-Gemini enhances VLMs via high-resolution visual refinement, curated reasoning data, and self-guided generation to reach leading zero-shot benchmark results across 2B-34B LLMs.
InternVL 1.5 narrows the performance gap to proprietary multimodal models via a stronger transferable vision encoder, dynamic high-resolution tiling, and curated English-Chinese training data.
This survey organizes the architectures, training strategies, data, evaluation methods, extensions, and challenges of Multimodal Large Language Models.
citing papers explorer
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Molmo and PixMo: Open Weights and Open Data for State-of-the-Art Vision-Language Models
Molmo VLMs trained on newly collected PixMo open datasets achieve state-of-the-art performance among open-weight models and surpass multiple proprietary VLMs including Claude 3.5 Sonnet and Gemini 1.5 Pro.
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From Standalone LLMs to Integrated Intelligence: A Survey of Compound Al Systems
A survey that defines Compound AI Systems, proposes a multi-dimensional taxonomy based on component roles and orchestration strategies, reviews four foundational paradigms, and identifies key challenges for future research.
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FLARE: Fully Integration of Vision-Language Representations for Deep Cross-Modal Understanding
FLARE is a vision-language model family using text-guided vision encoding, context-aware alignment decoding, dual-semantic mapping loss, and text-driven VQA synthesis to achieve deep cross-modal integration, outperforming larger models with only 630 vision tokens at 3B scale.
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VisRAG: Vision-based Retrieval-augmented Generation on Multi-modality Documents
VisRAG achieves 20-40% better end-to-end performance than text-based RAG by directly embedding and retrieving document images with VLMs.
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Cambrian-1: A Fully Open, Vision-Centric Exploration of Multimodal LLMs
Cambrian-1 is a vision-centric multimodal LLM family that evaluates over 20 vision encoders, introduces CV-Bench and the Spatial Vision Aggregator, and releases open models, code, and data achieving strong performance on visual grounding tasks.
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Mitigating Mask Prior Drift and Positional Attention Collapse in Large Diffusion Vision-Language Models
Diagnoses mask prior drift and positional attention collapse in LDVLMs and introduces two plug-and-play decoding interventions that raise long-form generation quality without retraining.
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LLaVA-CKD: Bottom-Up Cascaded Knowledge Distillation for Vision-Language Models
A cascaded knowledge distillation method with intermediate teachers improves efficiency of vision-language models like LLaVA while achieving state-of-the-art results on seven VQA benchmarks.
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VideoChat-Flash: Hierarchical Compression for Long-Context Video Modeling
VideoChat-Flash applies hierarchical video token compression to achieve ~50x reduction in context length for long videos while maintaining near-original performance on long-context benchmarks.
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MetaMorph: Multimodal Understanding and Generation via Instruction Tuning
VPiT enables pretrained LLMs to perform both visual understanding and generation by predicting discrete text tokens and continuous visual tokens, with understanding data proving more effective than generation-specific data.
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Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scaling
InternVL 2.5 is the first open-source MLLM to surpass 70% on the MMMU benchmark via model, data, and test-time scaling, with a 3.7-point gain from chain-of-thought reasoning.
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A Nash Equilibrium Framework For Training-Free Multimodal Step Verification
A Nash equilibrium framework for training-free multimodal step verification that uses cross-modal agreement and disagreement signals for filtering and ranking reasoning steps.
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Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report
Qwen2.5-VL reports a vision-language model family using native dynamic-resolution ViT and absolute time encoding that matches GPT-4o on document and diagram tasks while supporting hour-long videos with second-level localization.
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InternVideo2.5: Empowering Video MLLMs with Long and Rich Context Modeling
InternVideo2.5 improves video MLLMs by incorporating dense vision task annotations via direct preference optimization and compact spatiotemporal representations via adaptive hierarchical token compression, yielding better benchmark performance, 6x longer video memory, and new capabilities likeobject
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DeepSeek-VL2: Mixture-of-Experts Vision-Language Models for Advanced Multimodal Understanding
DeepSeek-VL2 is a series of MoE vision-language models using dynamic tiling and latent attention that reach competitive or state-of-the-art results on VQA, OCR, document understanding and grounding with 1.0B to 4.5B activated parameters.
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NVILA: Efficient Frontier Visual Language Models
NVILA improves on VILA with a scale-then-compress visual token strategy and full-lifecycle efficiency optimizations, matching or exceeding leading VLMs on image and video benchmarks while reducing training cost 1.9-5.1x and latencies 1.2-2.8x.
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mPLUG-Owl3: Towards Long Image-Sequence Understanding in Multi-Modal Large Language Models
mPLUG-Owl3 introduces hyper attention blocks to integrate vision and language for long image-sequence understanding and reports SOTA results on single-image, multi-image, and video benchmarks.
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LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer
LLaVA-OneVision is the first single open LMM to simultaneously achieve strong performance in single-image, multi-image, and video scenarios with cross-scenario transfer capabilities.
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MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phone
MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 delivers GPT-4V-level multimodal performance on phones through architecture, pretraining, and alignment optimizations.
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InternLM-XComposer-2.5: A Versatile Large Vision Language Model Supporting Long-Contextual Input and Output
InternLM-XComposer-2.5 is a 7B vision-language model supporting up to 96K context that reaches GPT-4V-level performance on image, video, and multi-turn tasks and adds LoRA-driven text-image composition capabilities.
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Mini-Gemini: Mining the Potential of Multi-modality Vision Language Models
Mini-Gemini enhances VLMs via high-resolution visual refinement, curated reasoning data, and self-guided generation to reach leading zero-shot benchmark results across 2B-34B LLMs.
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How Far Are We to GPT-4V? Closing the Gap to Commercial Multimodal Models with Open-Source Suites
InternVL 1.5 narrows the performance gap to proprietary multimodal models via a stronger transferable vision encoder, dynamic high-resolution tiling, and curated English-Chinese training data.
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A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Models
This survey organizes the architectures, training strategies, data, evaluation methods, extensions, and challenges of Multimodal Large Language Models.