Assuming unique gapped ground states on finite open chains with boundary fields, the infinite S=1 AF Heisenberg chain is proven to have a nontrivial SPT topological index.
The Physics and Mathematics of Elliott Lieb
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The Ground State of the S=1 Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Chain is Topologically Nontrivial if Gapped
Assuming unique gapped ground states on finite open chains with boundary fields, the infinite S=1 AF Heisenberg chain is proven to have a nontrivial SPT topological index.
- A local description of strong symmetries and strong-to-weak symmetry breaking in quantum many-body systems