For fermions on an Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortex, the vacuum fermion number equals [sgn(m+e sqrt(2) v)+sgn(m-e sqrt(2) v)] n/4, and disk edge states carry charge e/2.
Non-topological fractional fermion number in the Jackiw-Rossi model
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We compute the vacuum fermion current in $(2+1)$ dimensional Jackiw-Rossi model by using the $1/m$ expansion. The current is expressed through a weighted $\eta$-function with a matrix weight. In the presence of such a weight, the usual proof of topological nature of $\eta(0)$ is not longer applicable. Direct computations confirm the following surprising result: the fermion number induced by vortices in the Jackiw-Rossi model is \textit{not} topological.
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Vortex Fractional Fermion Number through Heat Kernel methods and Edge States
For fermions on an Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortex, the vacuum fermion number equals [sgn(m+e sqrt(2) v)+sgn(m-e sqrt(2) v)] n/4, and disk edge states carry charge e/2.