For systems with projective symmetry representations, the paper proposes a modified ETH and shows that charged operators with symmetry-supplied charges thermalize to a generalized Gibbs ensemble, not the ordinary Gibbs ensemble.
Random-matrix behavior of quantum nonintegrable many-body systems with Dyson's three symmetries
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abstract
We propose a one-dimensional nonintegrable spin model with local interactions that covers Dyson's three symmetry classes (classes A, AI, and AII) depending on the values of parameters. We show that the nearest-neighbor spacing distribution in each of these classes agrees with that of random matrices with the corresponding symmetry. By investigating the ratios between the standard deviations of diagonal and off-diagonal matrix elements, we numerically find that they become universal, depending only on symmetries of the Hamiltonian and an observable, as predicted by random matrix theory. These universal ratios are evaluated from long-time dynamics of small isolated quantum systems.
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Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis with projective representation
For systems with projective symmetry representations, the paper proposes a modified ETH and shows that charged operators with symmetry-supplied charges thermalize to a generalized Gibbs ensemble, not the ordinary Gibbs ensemble.