The authors derive non-perturbative first and second laws for dynamical black holes, identifying entropy with the area of local marginally trapped surfaces rather than the global event horizon.
While this domain of application is vastly larger than that encompassed by perturbation theory around a given stationary BHs, it can be extended even further
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Thermodynamics of dynamical black holes beyond perturbation theory
The authors derive non-perturbative first and second laws for dynamical black holes, identifying entropy with the area of local marginally trapped surfaces rather than the global event horizon.