Outer-disk H2 in Oph 163131 is v-hot and J-cold from combined UV and cosmic-ray excitation plus collisions, implying an effective CR ionization rate of order 10^{-15} s^{-1}.
A Robotic Wide-Angle H-Alpha Survey of the Southern Sky
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abstract
We have completed a robotic wide-angle imaging survey of the southern sky (declination less than +15 degrees) at 656.3 nm wavelength, the H-alpha emission line of hydrogen. Each image of the resulting Southern H-Alpha Sky Survey Atlas (SHASSA) covers an area of the sky 13 degrees square at an angular resolution of approximately 0.8 arcminute, and reaches a sensitivity level of 2 rayleigh (1.2 x 10^-17 erg cm^-2 s^-1 arcsec^-2) per pixel, corresponding to an emission measure of 4 cm^-6 pc, and to a brightness temperature for microwave free-free emission of 12 microkelvins at 30 GHz. Smoothing over several pixels allows features as faint as 0.5 rayleigh to be detected.
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JWST Edge-on Disk Ice (JEDIce): Vibrationally hot, rotationally cold H$_2$ in the outer disk of Oph 163131 non-thermally excited by UV and cosmic rays
Outer-disk H2 in Oph 163131 is v-hot and J-cold from combined UV and cosmic-ray excitation plus collisions, implying an effective CR ionization rate of order 10^{-15} s^{-1}.