The paper argues, following Staruszkiewicz, that positivity of the Hilbert space norm in the infrared limit of QED forbids isolated magnetic monopoles, which would explain their non-observation.
On the $\Theta$-term in electrodynamics
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abstract
The term $\Theta\epsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma}F_{\mu\nu}F_{\rho\sigma}$, when added to the electromagnetic Lagrangian $-{1\over 16\pi}F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu}$, does not change the signature of the Lagrangian. Actually, it increases the part with negative kinetic energy term at the spatial infinity. For this reason it does not change the conclusion, that at the spatial infinity the magnetic part of the electromagnetic field should be absent.
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Magnetic Monopoles: Theoretical Insights into the Cosmic Ray Conundrum
The paper argues, following Staruszkiewicz, that positivity of the Hilbert space norm in the infrared limit of QED forbids isolated magnetic monopoles, which would explain their non-observation.