Classical smishing detectors degrade near-catastrophically under character and spacing attacks (RDR up to 0.988) while transformers stay below 0.36, showing architecture rather than clean-text accuracy drives adversarial robustness.
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science10, 1921–1939 (Nov 2025)
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Adversarial Robustness in Smishing Detection: A Comparative Analysis of Adversarial Fragility in Classical vs. Transformer-Based Detection Systems
Classical smishing detectors degrade near-catastrophically under character and spacing attacks (RDR up to 0.988) while transformers stay below 0.36, showing architecture rather than clean-text accuracy drives adversarial robustness.