A probability estimate for scalar-field homogeneity at the onset of inflation and slow contraction concludes that, after optimizing over initial spectra, inflation is vastly more likely than ekpyrosis to have the required smooth initial patch.
Quantum Fluctuations in Cosmology and How They Lead to a Multiverse
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This article discusses density perturbations in inflationary models, offering a pedagogical description of how these perturbations are generated by quantum fluctuations in the early universe. A key feature of inflation is that that rapid expansion can stretch microscopic fluctuations to cosmological proportions. I discuss also another important conseqence of quantum fluctuations: the fact that almost all inflationary models become eternal, so that once inflation starts, it never stops.
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Probability of the Initial Conditions for Inflation and Slow Contraction
A probability estimate for scalar-field homogeneity at the onset of inflation and slow contraction concludes that, after optimizing over initial spectra, inflation is vastly more likely than ekpyrosis to have the required smooth initial patch.