LLMs memorize citations hierarchically: titles and first authors are recalled at lower redundancy levels than venues or years, with accuracy scaling log-linearly and saturating near verbatim reproduction above roughly 1200 citations.
Survey and analysis of hallucinations in large lan- guage models: attribution to prompting strategies or model behavior.Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 8:1622292, 2025
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Hierarchical Memorization in Large Language Models: Evidence from Citation Generation
LLMs memorize citations hierarchically: titles and first authors are recalled at lower redundancy levels than venues or years, with accuracy scaling log-linearly and saturating near verbatim reproduction above roughly 1200 citations.