Closed-form expressions for particle orbits and photon spheres are derived for a KR-NED black hole, with shadow radius consistent with EHT data and Hawking sparsity increased to ~1700 from 496.
Particle Dynamics, Shadow and Hawking Sparsity of a Kalb-Ramond Black Hole Coupled to Nonlinear Electrodynamics
1 Pith paper cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
abstract
We study the timelike and null geodesic structure of a static, spherically symmetric black hole sourced by a Kalb--Ramond (KR) field coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics (NED). The geometry is characterized by the mass $M$, the magnetic monopole charge $q$, and the Lorentz-violating parameters $(\gamma,\lambda)$. Closed-form expressions are derived for the effective potential, as well as the specific energy and angular momentum of massive particles on circular orbits. We further analyze the photon sphere, black hole shadow, and the Lyapunov exponent associated with unstable null circular geodesics. The latter determines the eikonal quasinormal-mode frequencies through $\omega_{\rm eik}=(\ell+1/2)\,\Omega_c-i(n+1/2)\,|\lambda_L|$. The shadow radius is compared with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of M87$^\ast$ and Sgr~A$^\ast$, allowing us to identify the viable region in the $(q,\gamma)$ parameter space. Finally, we compute the Hawking temperature, horizon area, and the Gray--Visser sparsity parameter. We demonstrate that the combined effects of the KR field and magnetic monopole charge increase the sparsity parameter from the Schwarzschild value $16\pi^3 \simeq 496$ to nearly $1.7\times10^3$. This indicates a significantly sparser Hawking cascade compared to the Schwarzschild case, while the photon ring remains consistent with the EHT $1\sigma$ observational bounds across most of the physically allowed parameter range.
fields
gr-qc 1years
2026 1verdicts
UNVERDICTED 1representative citing papers
citing papers explorer
-
Particle Dynamics, Shadow and Hawking Sparsity of a Kalb-Ramond Black Hole Coupled to Nonlinear Electrodynamics
Closed-form expressions for particle orbits and photon spheres are derived for a KR-NED black hole, with shadow radius consistent with EHT data and Hawking sparsity increased to ~1700 from 496.