Dipole ghost sectors emerge from the multiplicity of classical solutions in higher-order Chern-Simons theory, and spontaneous symmetry breaking lifts this degeneracy.
Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in three-dimensional QED with a Chern-Simons term,
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Dipole ghosts and spontaneous symmetry breaking in higher-order Chern-Simons theory
Dipole ghost sectors emerge from the multiplicity of classical solutions in higher-order Chern-Simons theory, and spontaneous symmetry breaking lifts this degeneracy.