In AdS the fully gravitational Hartle-Hawking wave function acquires a nontrivial one-loop phase while the partially frozen version stays real and positive; a partially frozen de Sitter sphere shows phase cancellation.
No boundary density matrix in elliptic de Sitter dS/$\mathbb{Z}_2$
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abstract
Elliptic de Sitter (dS) spacetime dS$/\mathbb{Z}_2$ is a non-time-orientable spacetime obtained by imposing an antipodal identification to global dS. Unlike QFT on global dS, whose vacuum state can be prepared by a no-boundary Euclidean path integral, the Euclidean elliptic dS does not define a wavefunction in the usual sense. We propose instead that the path integral on the Euclidean elliptic dS defines a no-boundary density matrix. As an explicit example, we study the free Dirac fermion CFT in two-dimensional elliptic dS and analytically compute the von Neumann and the R\'enyi entropies of this density matrix. The calculation reduces to correlation functions of vertex operators on non-orientable surfaces. As a by-product, we compute the time evolution of entanglement entropy following a crosscap quench in free Dirac fermion CFT. We also comment on a striking feature of free QFT in elliptic dS: its global Hilbert space is one-dimensional, wheres the Hilbert space associated to each observer is a nontrivial Fock space.
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A Tale of Two Hartle-Hawking Wave Functions: Fully Gravitational vs Partially Frozen
In AdS the fully gravitational Hartle-Hawking wave function acquires a nontrivial one-loop phase while the partially frozen version stays real and positive; a partially frozen de Sitter sphere shows phase cancellation.