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u rner, Tomke and Demarest, Damian and G \

4 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 5 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.

4 Pith papers citing it
5 external citations · Pith
abstract

Modeling long-range dependencies across sequences is a longstanding goal in machine learning and has led to architectures, such as state space models, that dramatically outperform Transformers on long sequences. However, these impressive empirical gains have been by and large demonstrated on benchmarks (e.g. Long Range Arena), where models are randomly initialized and trained to predict a target label from an input sequence. In this work, we show that random initialization leads to gross overestimation of the differences between architectures and that pretraining with standard denoising objectives, using $\textit{only the downstream task data}$, leads to dramatic gains across multiple architectures and to very small gaps between Transformers and state space models (SSMs). In stark contrast to prior works, we find vanilla Transformers to match the performance of S4 on Long Range Arena when properly pretrained, and we improve the best reported results of SSMs on the PathX-256 task by 20 absolute points. Subsequently, we analyze the utility of previously-proposed structured parameterizations for SSMs and show they become mostly redundant in the presence of data-driven initialization obtained through pretraining. Our work shows that, when evaluating different architectures on supervised tasks, incorporation of data-driven priors via pretraining is essential for reliable performance estimation, and can be done efficiently.

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2026 4

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representative citing papers

The Importance of Encoder Choice:A Tabular-Image Study

cs.LG · 2026-07-08 · conditional · novelty 6.5

Tabular encoder choice reorders multimodal rankings, can erase apparent fusion gains, and requires non-vanilla extraction for in-context learning models to avoid train-test representation shift.

Continuity Laws for Sequential Models

cs.LG · 2026-05-08 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

S4 models exhibit stable time-continuity unlike sensitive S6 models, with task continuity predicting performance and enabling temporal subsampling for better efficiency.

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