Topological data analysis observables built from magnetic monopole current networks reproduce the known deconfinement critical coupling in compact U(1) and SU(3) lattice gauge theory.
Detecting Dual Superconductivity in the Ground State of Gauge Theory
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abstract
We explicitly construct a monopole creation operator: its vacuum expectation value is an order parameter for dual superconductivity, in that, if different from zero, it signals a spontaneous breaking of the $U(1)$ symmetry corresponding to monopole charge conservation. This operator is tested by numerical simulations in compact $U(1)$ gauge theory. Our construction provides a general recipe for detection of the condensation of any topological soliton. In particular our operator can be used to detect dual superconductivity of the QCD vacuum.
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Topological Data Analysis of Abelian Magnetic Monopoles in Gauge Theories
Topological data analysis observables built from magnetic monopole current networks reproduce the known deconfinement critical coupling in compact U(1) and SU(3) lattice gauge theory.