Transformer models detect applicant gender in de-gendered academic recommendation letters via implicit linguistic patterns such as associations with words like 'emotional' and 'humanitarian', and removing these cues reduces but does not eliminate prediction accuracy above chance.
A meta-analysis of gender stereotypes and bias in experimental simulations of employment decision making.Journal of applied psychology, 100(1):128, 2015
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Identifying and Mitigating Gender Cues in Academic Recommendation Letters: An Interpretability Case Study
Transformer models detect applicant gender in de-gendered academic recommendation letters via implicit linguistic patterns such as associations with words like 'emotional' and 'humanitarian', and removing these cues reduces but does not eliminate prediction accuracy above chance.