Synchronous DDPG agents in a CT-MARL pricing benchmark form tacit cartels (Δ = 0.69 ± 0.11); asynchrony cuts collusion 48% and latency reaches Δ = 0.28, but the fix is partial, non-monotone, and fails at high event rates due to critic divergence.
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Failure Modes of Deep Multi-Agent RL in Asynchronous Pricing: Reproducible Triggers, Trace Diagnostics, and a Partial Fix
Synchronous DDPG agents in a CT-MARL pricing benchmark form tacit cartels (Δ = 0.69 ± 0.11); asynchrony cuts collusion 48% and latency reaches Δ = 0.28, but the fix is partial, non-monotone, and fails at high event rates due to critic divergence.