A no-go theorem shows that negative effective mass squared for the vector field in vector-tensor gravity always accompanies ghost or gradient instabilities, blocking spontaneous vectorization in stationary axisymmetric black holes.
Schwarzschild quasinormal modes of non-minimally coupled vector fields
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gr-qc 2years
2026 2representative citing papers
Scalar-type Maxwell perturbations in large d≥5 Schwarzschild-AdS black holes exhibit purely imaginary low-frequency quasinormal modes, confirmed numerically and by asymptotic matching.
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No-go theorem for spontaneous vectorization
A no-go theorem shows that negative effective mass squared for the vector field in vector-tensor gravity always accompanies ghost or gradient instabilities, blocking spontaneous vectorization in stationary axisymmetric black holes.
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Quasinormal modes of Proca and Maxwell fields in $d$-dimensional Schwarzschild-AdS black holes
Scalar-type Maxwell perturbations in large d≥5 Schwarzschild-AdS black holes exhibit purely imaginary low-frequency quasinormal modes, confirmed numerically and by asymptotic matching.