Ferromagnetic axion quark nuggets with surface fields near 10^12 tesla would be destabilized by Schwinger pair production, so they cannot be dark matter unless the magnetization decays.
Magnetic response from constant backgrounds to Coulomb sources
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abstract
Magnetically uncharged, magnetic linear response of the vacuum filled with arbitrarily combined constant electric and magnetic fields to an imposed static electric charge is found within general nonlinear electrodynamics. When the electric charge is point-like and external fields are parallel, the response found may be interpreted as a field of two point-like magnetic charges of opposite polarity in one point. Coefficients characterizing the magnetic response and induced currents are specialized to Quantum Electrodynamics, where the nonlinearity is taken as that determined by the Heisenberg-Euler effective Lagrangian.
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Electric and magnetic axion quark nuggets, their stability and their detection
Ferromagnetic axion quark nuggets with surface fields near 10^12 tesla would be destabilized by Schwinger pair production, so they cannot be dark matter unless the magnetization decays.