A metadata-conditioned causal hierarchical VAE produces age-intervened counterfactual DXA spine images showing strong agreement with observed follow-up vertebral morphometry measurements in UK Biobank.
Definition of normal vertebral morphometry using NHANES II radiographs,
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From Baseline to Follow-Up: Counterfactual Spine DXA Image Synthesis in UK Biobank Using a Causal Hierarchical Variational Autoencoder
A metadata-conditioned causal hierarchical VAE produces age-intervened counterfactual DXA spine images showing strong agreement with observed follow-up vertebral morphometry measurements in UK Biobank.