Every tested AI scorer systematically underestimates conceptual understanding in linguistically weaker secondary-school physics explanations relative to trained experts.
Educational Researcher, 33 (1), 4–14
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AI-based scoring systematically underestimates conceptual understanding of linguistically weak students' explanations in physics
Every tested AI scorer systematically underestimates conceptual understanding in linguistically weaker secondary-school physics explanations relative to trained experts.