A 1D-3V electrostatic PIC-MCC simulation of a helium plasma diode identifies a sharp transition to backflow-limited thermionic electron transport at emission rates of 7.0-7.5e19 m^{-2}s^{-1}, with backflow reaching 54% and net transport efficiency dropping to 46%.
Pushingthefrontierinthe design of laser-based electron accelerators with groundbreaking mesh-refined particle-in-cell simulations on exascale-class supercomputers
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Full-gap kinetic limitation of thermionic-electron transport for electron transpiration cooling
A 1D-3V electrostatic PIC-MCC simulation of a helium plasma diode identifies a sharp transition to backflow-limited thermionic electron transport at emission rates of 7.0-7.5e19 m^{-2}s^{-1}, with backflow reaching 54% and net transport efficiency dropping to 46%.