Impurity-induced density ripples in a nodal superconductor carry a vortex whose integer vorticity equals the topological winding difference of the wavefunctions at the two connected nodes, under explicit conditions on the impurity and the STM tip.
1a we sketch a generic model dispersion with only two nodes ( i = 1 , 2) with equal linear dispersions, having windings W1/2 = ±1, and located at a distance ∆K12 in momentum space
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Detecting the topological winding of superconducting nodes via Local Density of States
Impurity-induced density ripples in a nodal superconductor carry a vortex whose integer vorticity equals the topological winding difference of the wavefunctions at the two connected nodes, under explicit conditions on the impurity and the STM tip.