Unitary QFTs are determined up to unitary isomorphism by closed-manifold partition functions; every reflection-positive partition function comes from a unitary QFT, so spatial wormholes do not break Hilbert-space factorization once the full charged spectrum is included.
Maxfield,Counting states in a model of replica wormholes,2311.05703
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Large N symmetric orbifold CFTs decompose into superselection sectors that behave as closed universes, with each physical sector becoming one-dimensional after gauging, matching gravitational expectations.
Reviews construction of physical inner products in canonical quantum gravity via group averaging and BRST formalism, illustrated in mini-superspace models and connected to path integrals.
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Wormholes as red herrings: reflection positivity and the reconstruction of unitary quantum field theories
Unitary QFTs are determined up to unitary isomorphism by closed-manifold partition functions; every reflection-positive partition function comes from a unitary QFT, so spatial wormholes do not break Hilbert-space factorization once the full charged spectrum is included.
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Emergent Closed Universes in Symmetric Orbifold CFTs
Large N symmetric orbifold CFTs decompose into superselection sectors that behave as closed universes, with each physical sector becoming one-dimensional after gauging, matching gravitational expectations.
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Gravitational Hilbert spaces: invariant and co-invariant states, inner products, gauge-fixing, and BRST
Reviews construction of physical inner products in canonical quantum gravity via group averaging and BRST formalism, illustrated in mini-superspace models and connected to path integrals.