A variational extension of the Keldysh formalism to spatially varying temperature yields a heat equation and a proposed Tolman thermal equivalence principle linking non-equilibrium flat-space fermions to equilibrium curved-space fermions.
Heat conduction and the nonequilibrium stationary states of stochastic energy exchange processes
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abstract
I revisit the exactly solvable Kipnis--Marchioro--Presutti model of heat conduction [J. Stat. Phys. 27 65 (1982)] and describe, for one-dimensional systems of arbitrary sizes whose ends are in contact with thermal baths at different temperatures, a systematic characterization of their non-equilibrium stationary states. These arguments avoid resorting to the analysis of a dual process and yield a straightforward derivation of Fourier's law, as well as higher-order static correlations, such as the covariant matrix. The transposition of these results to families of gradient models generalizing the KMP model is established and specific cases are examined.
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Phonon Gravity, Non-equilibrium QFT, and the Tolman Thermal Equivalence Principle
A variational extension of the Keldysh formalism to spatially varying temperature yields a heat equation and a proposed Tolman thermal equivalence principle linking non-equilibrium flat-space fermions to equilibrium curved-space fermions.