For very massive fields, a charged black hole with horizon potential Φ_H greater than Q/M can support the stationary scalar cloud that triggers superradiant instability.
Late-Time Evolution of Charged Gravitational Collapse and Decay of Charged Scalar Hair - I
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abstract
We study analytically the asymptotic evolution of charged fields around a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black-hole. Following the no-hair theorem we focus attention on the dynamical mechanism by which the charged hair is radiated away. We find an inverse power-law relaxation of the charged fields at future timelike infinity, along future null infinity and an oscillatory inverse power-law relaxation along the future outer horizon. We show that a charged hair is shedd slower than a neutral one. Our results are also of importance to the study of mass inflation and the stability of Cauchy horizons during a dynamical gravitational collapse of charged matter to form a charged black-hole
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A sufficient condition for the development of superradiant instabilities in charged black-hole spacetimes
For very massive fields, a charged black hole with horizon potential Φ_H greater than Q/M can support the stationary scalar cloud that triggers superradiant instability.