A review of exotic-hadron production in pp, pbar-p, and nuclear collisions, arguing that such measurements can discriminate between hadronic-molecule and compact-tetraquark interpretations of states like the X(3872).
Explaining Snowball-in-hell Phenomena in Heavy-ion Collisions Using a Novel Thermodynamic Variable
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abstract
A loosely bound hadronic molecule produced by a relativistic heavy-ion collision has been described as a ``snowball in hell'' since it emerges from a hadron resonance gas whose temperature is orders of magnitude larger than the binding energy of the molecule. This remarkable phenomenon can be explained in terms of a novel thermodynamic variable called the ``contact'' that is conjugate to the binding momentum of the molecule. The production rate of the molecule can be expressed in terms of the contact density at the kinetic freezeout of the hadron resonance gas. It approaches a nonzero limit as the binding energy goes to 0.
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Production of exotic hadrons in $pp$ and nuclear collisions
A review of exotic-hadron production in pp, pbar-p, and nuclear collisions, arguing that such measurements can discriminate between hadronic-molecule and compact-tetraquark interpretations of states like the X(3872).