A Beta mixture model fitted via EM algorithm yields closed-form expressions for the channel distribution and outage probability in wind-affected water-to-air optical links, revealing a TIR-induced outage floor.
End- to-end optical propagation modeling for water-to-air channels under sea surface and UA V effects,
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Statistical Characterization of Wind-Induced Beam Refraction in Water-to-Air Optical Channels
A Beta mixture model fitted via EM algorithm yields closed-form expressions for the channel distribution and outage probability in wind-affected water-to-air optical links, revealing a TIR-induced outage floor.