River cross-sectional profiles satisfy the Friedmann equation for an Anti-de Sitter universe; the associated action extremizes friction and dissipation, and the extremum is a maximum by second variation analysis.
Analogues of glacial valley profiles in particle mechanics and in cosmology
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abstract
An ordinary differential equation describing the transverse profiles of U-shaped glacial valleys, derived with a variational principle, has two formal analogies which we analyze. First, an analogy with point particle mechanics completes the description of the solutions. Second, an analogy with the Friedmann equation of relativistic cosmology shows that the analogue of a glacial valley profile is a universe with a future singularity but respecting the weak energy condition. The equation unveils also a Big Freeze singularity, which was not observed before for positive curvature index.
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physics.geo-ph 1years
2026 1verdicts
UNVERDICTED 1representative citing papers
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Laboratory rivers extremize friction and are cosmological analogues
River cross-sectional profiles satisfy the Friedmann equation for an Anti-de Sitter universe; the associated action extremizes friction and dissipation, and the extremum is a maximum by second variation analysis.