Polyakov loop contributions to the thermal effective potential soften electroweak phase transitions, disfavoring first-order transitions and suppressing gravitational-wave signals.
Ekstedt, Eur
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abstract
In this paper I discuss how to consistently incorporate higher-order corrections to the bubble-nucleation rate at finite temperature. Doing so I examine the merits of different approaches, with the goal of reducing uncertainties for gravitational-wave calculations. To be specific, the region of applicability and accuracy of the derivative expansion is discussed. The derivative expansion is then compared to a numerical implementation of the Gelfand-Yaglom theorem. Both methods are applied to popular first-order phase transition models, like a loop-induced barrier and a SM-EFT tree-level barrier. The results of these calculations are presented in easy-to-use parametrizations that can directly be used in gravitational-wave calculations. In addition, higher-order corrections for models with multiple scalar fields, such as singlet/triplet extensions, are studied. Lastly, the convergence and uncertainty of all calculations are discussed in detail. And I argue that leading-order results for the Standard Model with a tree-level barrier might be inaccurate.
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hep-ph 4representative citing papers
Applies high-T dimensional reduction for the first time to a classically scale-invariant model, computes NLO nucleation rate via determinants, and predicts LISA-detectable GW from supercooled PT in SU(2)cSM.
Precision study of dark sector phase transitions finds PTA-favored parameters near EFT breakdown with disfavored GW signals after higher-order corrections.
A state-of-the-art thermodynamic analysis of supercooled phase transitions yields a universal lower bound β/H_* ≃ 5 and shows that viable PBH dark-matter parameter space in classically conformal gauge-Higgs theories is severely limited by percolation and QCD constraints.
citing papers explorer
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Polyakov Loops Tame Phase Transitions
Polyakov loop contributions to the thermal effective potential soften electroweak phase transitions, disfavoring first-order transitions and suppressing gravitational-wave signals.
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Theoretical consistency and phenomenology of supercooled cosmological phase transitions
Applies high-T dimensional reduction for the first time to a classically scale-invariant model, computes NLO nucleation rate via determinants, and predicts LISA-detectable GW from supercooled PT in SU(2)cSM.
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A critical look at low-scale cosmological phase transitions in the PTA era
Precision study of dark sector phase transitions finds PTA-favored parameters near EFT breakdown with disfavored GW signals after higher-order corrections.
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Thermodynamical uncertainties for primordial black holes from cosmological phase transitions
A state-of-the-art thermodynamic analysis of supercooled phase transitions yields a universal lower bound β/H_* ≃ 5 and shows that viable PBH dark-matter parameter space in classically conformal gauge-Higgs theories is severely limited by percolation and QCD constraints.