A hybrid confidence framework for LLM-based short answer grading combines model signals with aleatoric uncertainty from semantic clustering of responses and improves selective grading reliability over single-source methods.
International journal of artificial intelligence in education25(1), 60–117 (2015)
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Confidence Estimation in Automatic Short Answer Grading with LLMs
A hybrid confidence framework for LLM-based short answer grading combines model signals with aleatoric uncertainty from semantic clustering of responses and improves selective grading reliability over single-source methods.