Out-of-equilibrium simulations with open-to-periodic boundary switching plus a tailored stochastic normalizing flow enable efficient topology sampling in the continuum limit of four-dimensional SU(3) Yang-Mills theory.
Comparison of the gradient flow with cooling in $SU(3)$ pure gauge theory
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abstract
The gradient (Wilson) flow has been introduced recently in order to provide a solid theoretical framework for the smoothing of ultraviolet noise in lattice gauge configurations. It is interesting to ask how it compares with other, more heuristic and numerically cheaper smoothing techniques, such as standard cooling. In this study we perform such a comparison, focusing on observables related to topology. We show that, already for moderately small lattice spacings, standard cooling and the gradient flow lead to equivalent results, both for average quantities and configuration by configuration.
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The calculation yields a large negative orbital angular momentum L_{u-d} from chiral magnetic effects that partially cancels the positive spin contribution and reduces total J_{u-d} to match lattice QCD.
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Scaling flow-based approaches for topology sampling in $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ gauge theory
Out-of-equilibrium simulations with open-to-periodic boundary switching plus a tailored stochastic normalizing flow enable efficient topology sampling in the continuum limit of four-dimensional SU(3) Yang-Mills theory.
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Quark orbital angular momentum as a chiral magnetic effect
The calculation yields a large negative orbital angular momentum L_{u-d} from chiral magnetic effects that partially cancels the positive spin contribution and reduces total J_{u-d} to match lattice QCD.