A Lean 4 formalization proves that value-independence implies identical marginal distributions for masking verification across all positive integers q.
Two finite sets with the same elements have the same cardinality (congr 1 reduces the cardinality goal to a set-extensionality goal)
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From Finite Enumeration to Universal Proof: Ring-Theoretic Foundations for PQC Hardware Masking Verification
A Lean 4 formalization proves that value-independence implies identical marginal distributions for masking verification across all positive integers q.