For a U(1)-charged scalar, the Euclidean bounce for vacuum decay loses O(4) symmetry at finite charge, lowers the barrier and increases the rate, while charge rearrangement imposes a subluminal terminal velocity on the expanding bubble.
Phase Transitions in Neutron Stars
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abstract
In this paper we review the most common descriptions for the first order phase transition to deconfined quark matter in the core of neutron stars. We also present a new description of these phase transitions in the core of proto-neutron stars, in which more constraints are enforced so as to include trapped neutrinos. Finally, we calculate the emission of gravitational waves associated with deconfinement phase transitions, discuss the possibility of their detection, and how this would provide information about the equation of state of dense matter.
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Globally Charged Vacuum Decay
For a U(1)-charged scalar, the Euclidean bounce for vacuum decay loses O(4) symmetry at finite charge, lowers the barrier and increases the rate, while charge rearrangement imposes a subluminal terminal velocity on the expanding bubble.