Transformers can predict squarefree numbers with around 70% accuracy from CRT encodings, but only by exploiting divisibility by 2 and 3, and they cannot separate the two signs of the Möbius function.
What does machine learning have to offer number theory? Available at https://youtu.be/jjA2CqY5Ang, 2024
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Studying number theory with deep learning: a case study with the M\"obius and squarefree indicator functions
Transformers can predict squarefree numbers with around 70% accuracy from CRT encodings, but only by exploiting divisibility by 2 and 3, and they cannot separate the two signs of the Möbius function.