Under photon loss, the phase-estimation quantum Fisher information of entangled coherent states differs between interferometers with and without a reference beam, and the no-reference configuration matches NOON-state scaling at high photon numbers.
Phase estimation in lossy optical interferometry without a reference beam
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abstract
We investigate phase estimation in a lossy interferometer using entangled coherent states, with particular focus on a scenario where no reference beam is employed. By calculating the quantum Fisher information, we reveal two key results: (1) the metrological equivalence between scenarios with and without a reference beam, established under ideal lossless conditions for the two-phase-shifting configuration,breaks down in the presence of photon loss, and (2) the pronounced inferior performance of entangled coherent states relative to NOON states, observed in the presence of a reference beam, disappears in its absence.
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Phase estimation in lossy optical interferometry without a reference beam
Under photon loss, the phase-estimation quantum Fisher information of entangled coherent states differs between interferometers with and without a reference beam, and the no-reference configuration matches NOON-state scaling at high photon numbers.