The helicon and Trivelpiece-Gould wave branches are shown to be two lobes of a single degenerate vacuum root, and their ignition-time splitting, thresholds, and non-adiabatic response are derived analytically.
The EMHD formulation therefore cannot be used to initialise a transient calculation; the full quartic, with displacement current and ion inertia retained, is required forne ≲n 3
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Transitional evolution of the wave dispersion relation during helicon discharge ignition: an analytical theory from vacuum to steady operation
The helicon and Trivelpiece-Gould wave branches are shown to be two lobes of a single degenerate vacuum root, and their ignition-time splitting, thresholds, and non-adiabatic response are derived analytically.