Ground-state path integral Monte Carlo simulations of NaCs polar molecules with double microwave shielding show self-bound droplets forming above an ellipticity threshold of ~3 degrees, with an estimated superfluid fraction up to 0.8.
Symmetry and Self-Bound Droplets in Dipolar Molecular Gases
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abstract
Recent experiments with degenerate molecular gases dressed by elliptically polarized microwave fields have enabled new control of dipolar interactions via engineered anisotropy. We reveal a symmetry structure of the dipolar interaction that generates degeneracies among the interaction parameters, enabling a classification of spatial symmetries and equilibrium shapes of the gases. Exploiting these symmetries, we analyze solutions including beyond-meanfield quantum fluctuations, and develop a complementary variational theory. We map out the phase diagram of self-bound droplets and characterize their widths, energies, and densities.
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cond-mat.quant-gas 1years
2026 1verdicts
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Self-Bound Droplets of Ultracold Dipolar Molecules under Tunable Double Microwave Shielding
Ground-state path integral Monte Carlo simulations of NaCs polar molecules with double microwave shielding show self-bound droplets forming above an ellipticity threshold of ~3 degrees, with an estimated superfluid fraction up to 0.8.