AdaLeZO uses a non-stationary multi-armed bandit to adaptively allocate perturbation budget across layers in zeroth-order optimization and applies inverse probability weighting to reduce variance while preserving unbiased gradients, delivering 1.7x-3.0x wall-clock speedup on LLaMA and OPT models.
Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing , pages=
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Universally Empowering Zeroth-Order Optimization via Adaptive Layer-wise Sampling
AdaLeZO uses a non-stationary multi-armed bandit to adaptively allocate perturbation budget across layers in zeroth-order optimization and applies inverse probability weighting to reduce variance while preserving unbiased gradients, delivering 1.7x-3.0x wall-clock speedup on LLaMA and OPT models.