Superflares of H$_2$O Maser Emission in the Protostellar Object IRAS 18316$-$0602

The results of the study of the maser emission source IRAS 18316$-$0602 in the H$_2$O line at $\lambda =1.35$ cm are reported. The observations have been carried out at the RT-22 radio telescope of the Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory (Russia) since June 2002 until March 2017. Three superflares have been detected, in 2002, 2010, and 2016, with peak flux densities of 3400, 19,000, and 46,000 Jy, respectively. The results of the analysis of the superflares are given. The flares took place during periods of high maser activity in a narrow interval of radial velocities (40.5-42.5 km/s) and could be associated with the passage of a strong shock wave. During our monitoring the emission of three groups of features at radial velocities of about 41, 42, and 43 km/s dominated. The flare of 2016 was accompanied by a considerable increase in the flux densities of several features in an interval of 35--56 km/s.