Every simple rank-r matroid with no (t+1)-element independent flat has at least as many elements as the direct sum of t binary projective geometries of nearly equal ranks, with equality only for this matroid when r is at least 2t.
The structure of binary matroids with no induced claw or Fano plane restriction
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abstract
An 'induced restriction' of a simple binary matroid $M$ is a restriction $M|F$, where $F$ is a flat of $M$. We consider the class $\mathcal{M}$ of all simple binary matroids $M$ containing neither a free matroid on three elements (which we call a 'claw'), nor a Fano plane as an induced restriction. We give an exact structure theorem for this class; two of its consequences are that the matroids in $\mathcal{M}$ have unbounded critical number, while the matroids in $\mathcal{M}$ not containing the clique $M(K_5)$ as an induced restriction have critical number at most $2$.
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The smallest matroids with no large independent flat
Every simple rank-r matroid with no (t+1)-element independent flat has at least as many elements as the direct sum of t binary projective geometries of nearly equal ranks, with equality only for this matroid when r is at least 2t.