Quantum fluctuations shift the Higgs mode eigenfrequency below the 2Δ gap in s-wave superconductors, producing an undamped pole that yields sharper signals in THG and Raman scattering.
Silaev, Nonlinear electromagnetic response and Higgs- mode excitation in BCS superconductors with impurities, Physical Review B99, 224511 (2019)
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Quantum fluctuations and the emergence of in-gap Higgs mode in superconductors
Quantum fluctuations shift the Higgs mode eigenfrequency below the 2Δ gap in s-wave superconductors, producing an undamped pole that yields sharper signals in THG and Raman scattering.